旧约 - 撒母耳记上(1 Samuel)第22章

David left Gath and escaped to the cave of Adullam. When his brothers and his father's household heard about it, they went down to him there.
All those who were in distress or in debt or discontented gathered around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him.
From there David went to Mizpah in Moab and said to the king of Moab, "Would you let my father and mother come and stay with you until I learn what God will do for me?"
So he left them with the king of Moab, and they stayed with him as long as David was in the stronghold.
But the prophet Gad said to David, "Do not stay in the stronghold. Go into the land of Judah." So David left and went to the forest of Hereth.
Now Saul heard that David and his men had been discovered. And Saul, spear in hand, was seated under the tamarisk tree on the hill at Gibeah, with all his officials standing around him.
Saul said to them, "Listen, men of Benjamin! Will the son of Jesse give all of you fields and vineyards? Will he make all of you commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds?
Is that why you have all conspired against me? No one tells me when my son makes a covenant with the son of Jesse. None of you is concerned about me or tells me that my son has incited my servant to lie in wait for me, as he does today."
But Doeg the Edomite, who was standing with Saul's officials, said, "I saw the son of Jesse come to Ahimelech son of Ahitub at Nob.
Ahimelech inquired of the LORD for him; he also gave him provisions and the sword of Goliath the Philistine."
Then the king sent for the priest Ahimelech son of Ahitub and his father's whole family, who were the priests at Nob, and they all came to the king.
Saul said, "Listen now, son of Ahitub." "Yes, my lord," he answered.
Saul said to him, "Why have you conspired against me, you and the son of Jesse, giving him bread and a sword and inquiring of God for him, so that he has rebelled against me and lies in wait for me, as he does today?"
Ahimelech answered the king, "Who of all your servants is as loyal as David, the king's son-in-law, captain of your bodyguard and highly respected in your household?
Was that day the first time I inquired of God for him? Of course not! Let not the king accuse your servant or any of his father's family, for your servant knows nothing at all about this whole affair."
But the king said, "You will surely die, Ahimelech, you and your father's whole family."
Then the king ordered the guards at his side: "Turn and kill the priests of the LORD, because they too have sided with David. They knew he was fleeing, yet they did not tell me." But the king's officials were not willing to raise a hand to strike the priests of the LORD.
The king then ordered Doeg, "You turn and strike down the priests." So Doeg the Edomite turned and struck them down. That day he killed eighty-five men who wore the linen ephod.
He also put to the sword Nob, the town of the priests, with its men and women, its children and infants, and its cattle, donkeys and sheep.
But Abiathar, a son of Ahimelech son of Ahitub, escaped and fled to join David.
He told David that Saul had killed the priests of the LORD.
Then David said to Abiathar: "That day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, I knew he would be sure to tell Saul. I am responsible for the death of your father's whole family.
Stay with me; don't be afraid; the man who is seeking your life is seeking mine also. You will be safe with me."
撒母耳记上第廿二章   第 22 章 

  大卫的逃跑 

  撒上 22:2> 引领什么人反映出领导者的才能,品德与素质,大卫具有哪些素质? 

  22:2 凡受压迫的、欠债的、心里苦闷的,都聚集到逃亡的大卫那里。那些本身飘流无定之人,只有协助大卫作王才有好的前途。大卫统领一班人马,再次显出他能驾驭、激励别人,既有谋略也有才能。把纯良的人士组成军队已属不易,但是把跟随大卫的这班人组成大军,则需要更大的领导才能。这一批人后来形成大卫军队领导的核心,其中产生好几位“大能的勇士”(参撒下 23:8 及以下各节)。 

  撒上 22:7-8> 选拔人材如果与公义发生冲突,我会站在哪一方? 

  22:7-8 扫罗的主要官员显然出于便雅悯支派,因为他本人来自这支派;大卫则是出于犹大支派。扫罗想取得别人对支派的效忠,以保住王位。 

  撒上 22:18> 残杀祭司、杀灭生灵,为何扫罗沦落到丧失理性的地步? 

  22:18 扫罗为什么要杀害属于自己的祭司?因为他疑忌在约拿单、大卫与众祭司之间有串谋。他听到多益的报告,说大卫与大祭司亚希米勒谈话,从他得到食物和武器,就生出疑忌之心( 22:9-10 )。他的行动显出精神和情绪的不安已走向偏离神的地步。他下令将挪伯城中的人畜完全杀灭,就是下屠城令(宣布把城中所有的尽行毁灭),在申命记中说明,只有对拜偶像以及悖逆神之城才可以这样行(参申 13:12-17 )。而实际上悖逆神的是他自己,并不是那些祭司。 

  撒上 22:18-19> 神为什么容许八十五个无辜的祭司被杀害呢? 

  22:18-19 祭司的死向人民显明血淋淋的事实,君王可以变成邪恶的暴君。事奉神并不保证功成利就,也不保证健康长寿,神并未应许保护义人善人在这个世界不受恶人攻击,但祂确实应许到末后必然将一切的邪恶清除。在试炼中忠心到底之人,将来必得极大的赏赐(参太 5:11-12 ;启 21:1-7 ; 22:1-21 )。 

  22:20 亚比亚他带着以弗得逃到大卫那里( 23:6 )。以弗得是祭司的衣服,内中有乌陵和土明,那是大卫用以求问神之物。当扫罗袭击挪伯城时,以弗得可能是祭司制度之中硕果仅存的标志,由亚比亚他带到大卫的营中( 23:6 )。扫罗毁灭以色列人的祭司制度,但是到大卫作王的时候又将之恢复,并且立亚比亚他作新任的大祭司,他在大卫作王期间一直担任这个职务。──《灵修版圣经注释》