旧约 - 士师记(Judges)第18章

In those days there was no king in Israel: and in those days the tribe of the Danites sought them an inheritance to dwell in; for unto that day all their inheritance had not fallen unto them among the tribes of Israel.
And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their coasts, men of valour, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said unto them, Go, search the land: who when they came to mount Ephraim, to the house of Micah, they lodged there.
When they were by the house of Micah, they knew the voice of the young man the Levite: and they turned in thither, and said unto him, Who brought thee hither? and what makest thou in this place? and what hast thou here?
And he said unto them, Thus and thus dealeth Micah with me, and hath hired me, and I am his priest.
And they said unto him, Ask counsel, we pray thee, of God, that we may know whether our way which we go shall be prosperous.
And the priest said unto them, Go in peace: before the LORD is your way wherein ye go.
Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt careless, after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet and secure; and there was no magistrate in the land, that might put them to shame in any thing; and they were far from the Zidonians, and had no business with any man.
And they came unto their brethren to Zorah and Eshtaol: and their brethren said unto them, What say ye?
And they said, Arise, that we may go up against them: for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good: and are ye still? be not slothful to go, and to enter to possess the land.
When ye go, ye shall come unto a people secure, and to a large land: for God hath given it into your hands; a place where there is no want of any thing that is in the earth.
And there went from thence of the family of the Danites, out of Zorah and out of Eshtaol, six hundred men appointed with weapons of war.
And they went up, and pitched in Kirjathjearim, in Judah: wherefore they called that place Mahanehdan unto this day: behold, it is behind Kirjathjearim.
And they passed thence unto mount Ephraim, and came unto the house of Micah.
Then answered the five men that went to spy out the country of Laish, and said unto their brethren, Do ye know that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and a graven image, and a molten image? now therefore consider what ye have to do.
And they turned thitherward, and came to the house of the young man the Levite, even unto the house of Micah, and saluted him.
And the six hundred men appointed with their weapons of war, which were of the children of Dan, stood by the entering of the gate.
And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood in the entering of the gate with the six hundred men that were appointed with weapons of war.
And these went into Micah's house, and fetched the carved image, the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image. Then said the priest unto them, What do ye?
And they said unto him, Hold thy peace, lay thine hand upon thy mouth, and go with us, and be to us a father and a priest: is it better for thee to be a priest unto the house of one man, or that thou be a priest unto a tribe and a family in Israel?
And the priest's heart was glad, and he took the ephod, and the teraphim, and the graven image, and went in the midst of the people.
So they turned and departed, and put the little ones and the cattle and the carriage before them.
And when they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men that were in the houses near to Micah's house were gathered together, and overtook the children of Dan.
And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?
And he said, Ye have taken away my gods which I made, and the priest, and ye are gone away: and what have I more? and what is this that ye say unto me, What aileth thee?
And the children of Dan said unto him, Let not thy voice be heard among us, lest angry fellows run upon thee, and thou lose thy life, with the lives of thy household.
And the children of Dan went their way: and when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back unto his house.
And they took the things which Micah had made, and the priest which he had, and came unto Laish, unto a people that were at quiet and secure: and they smote them with the edge of the sword, and burnt the city with fire.
And there was no deliverer, because it was far from Zidon, and they had no business with any man; and it was in the valley that lieth by Bethrehob. And they built a city, and dwelt therein.
And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born unto Israel: howbeit the name of the city was Laish at the first.
And the children of Dan set up the graven image: and Jonathan, the son of Gershom, the son of Manasseh, he and his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan until the day of the captivity of the land.
And they set them up Micah's graven image, which he made, all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh.
士师记第十八章   第 18 章 

  士 18:1> 但支派怎么还未“得地为业”? 

  18:1 约书亚已经将足够的地分给但支派居住(参书 19:40-48 )。但是,因为他们没有倚靠神的帮助去占领那地业,所以亚摩利人强逼他们进入山地,不容他们下到平原( 1:34 )。他们不去争战夺取自己分得之地,反喜欢往北面去找新地方,因那里的居民比较容易对付。在他们往北行的时候,有些人经过米迦的家,偷了他的偶像。 

  士 18:4-6> 米迦在家中设立“私人祭司”有何不妥? 

  18:4-6 祭司和协助他们的人,皆是利未支派的人(参民 3:5-13 )。他们要服事百姓,教导他们敬拜神之道,并且在示罗会幕以及在境内指派的城市举行敬拜的礼仪。而这个不顺命的祭司显出对神的不尊敬,因为( 1 )他在家庭中举行礼仪。祭司的职分应单单在会幕里,或神指定的城邑里履行。这种规定的目的,在于防止人改变神的律法。( 2 )他带去偶像( 18:20 )。( 3 )他声称为神发言,其实神并没有藉着他说话( 18:6 )。 

  士 18:11-26> 我为什么去教会? 

  18:11-26 从这整件事看来,并没有人想敬拜神;相反的,他们都想利用神,得到好处达到自己的目的。现在有些人去教会是为着使自己心灵有寄托,被人接纳,卸脱罪咎,跟生意上的朋友打交道,拉生意。所以要小心,不要为私利去顺服神,乃要作舍己的事奉和敬拜。 

  士 18:14> 18:14 以弗得是祭司在举行礼仪时所穿的背心。 

  士 18:24> 如果我失去了有形无形的财产、名誉、地位,是否就一无所有? 

  18: 24 米 迦制造偶像,又雇一个祭司来料理他家人的宗教事务。在但人夺去他的偶像和祭司的时候,他就落个一无所有。这是何等虚空的属灵光景!偶像本来毫无价值,竟然在人的生活中取代了神。有些人殚精竭虑地追逐金钱、成就、财产、事业,把这些当作偶像,如果这些偶像被挪去的话,就只剩下空壳。要想保护你自己不受那样的损失,惟有将你一生全投入永活的神身上,衪是你永远不会失去的。 

  士 18:27> 拉亿城也属于应灭之城吗? 

  18:27 但支派的人有没有权利屠杀拉亿城的人呢?绝对没有。神吩咐以色列人要肃清、毁灭某些城市,是因为那里敬拜偶像与邪恶,但拉亿并不列在其中。它并不在分给但支派的地业内,那地的百姓也是安居平和之民,和好战的迦南人有天壤之别。但是但支派的人罔顾神的律法。神的律法只吩咐他们毁灭拜偶像的城市(参申 13:12-15 )。但支派的人本身就犯了这种罪。这件事说明这支派已偏离神到了何等严重的程度。 

  士 18:27> 但支派攻下拉亿城是得了神的默许吗? 

  18:27 我们不能只看但支派的人顺利地攻占了拉亿,就认为他们的行动是合理的。他们敬拜偶像的事表明,神并没有与他们同行。现在有许多人以表面的成功,证明他们错误的行动是合理的。他们以为财富、声誉、或者不遭患难,皆是神赐福的表征。但是圣经中有许多故事说明,行恶也会得到属世的顺利(参王下 14:23-29 )。成功并不表明神的悦纳。不要以个人的成功,作为你是否讨神喜悦的标准。 

  士 18:30-31> 我有没有以神不喜欢的方式敬拜祂,像但人一样? 

  18:30-31 但支派的人偷了米迦家中的神像以后,把它放在拉亿。他们敬拜这些偶像,实际上是否认神(参出 20:1-5 ),但他们可能以为可藉此敬拜神(参出 32:4-5 的注释)。敬拜神像,即使在有些方面与真正的敬拜方式相似,也不是敬拜神。现代人犯这同样的错误,他们说自己是基督徒,却并不真正的相信神的大能,或改变行为以符合神的期望。敬虔不能只是口头上的宣称,它必须真真实实地成为我们的动机与行为。 

  但支派的人往北方觅地居住 \cf0 

  士 18:31> 这句话里含了什么意思? 

  18:31 示罗可能于撒母耳记上第四、 五两 章所记载的事件中被毁;那些事件发生在此处所述的时间后不久。因为示罗是以色列人的宗教中心,所以神的律法规定,所有的男丁都要一年三次上去守宗教节期。但是,但支派的人在他们新占领的地界之中设立偶像和祭司。那地距离示罗约有 129 公里,这就可能成为他们不遵守律法规定的藉口。这件事进一步表明他们不尊敬神。 

  士 18:31> 我是有些不好的习惯,但也不算什么大毛病,所以…… 

  18:31 神将利未祭司散布在以色列全地,以及在示罗设立会幕,使以色列人保持真正的敬拜。这事件说明异教的感染力和败坏的道德,会渗入以色列人习俗的每个角落。他们进入应许地以后,虽过了三百年,仍未能将那地拜偶像的邪风恶俗除去。 

  在你的生活中可能有种倾向,容让“无伤大雅”的习惯各自占据小小的地盘,但是这些可能变成管辖你的力量。你随从的世界体制中的价值、态度、与习俗,若用神的真理来衡量,就能把他们显明。一旦认识真相,就要加以根除。──《灵修版圣经注释》